A distributing ETF pays out in cash the dividends generated by the companies in its portfolio, usually quarterly or semi-annually. It is the variant that turns an index into a source of periodic income: you own the market and, on top, collect your share of its profits.
The fund accumulates the dividends it receives from its holdings and, on each distribution date, pays them out to shareholders proportionally. If the underlying index yields 3% a year in dividends, you will receive roughly that percentage spread across the year's payments — in the fund's currency, which may imply an FX conversion depending on your broker.
You identify it by the "Dist" (or "D") label in the name and the distribution policy in the prospectus, which also states the frequency.
Every payment is taxed as savings income (from 19%) in the year received, and depending on the fund's domicile it may also carry internal withholding. Against the full deferral of accumulation, distribution pays a yearly toll: during the building phase it is mathematically suboptimal — tax paid stops compounding.
The honest practical rule: distributing if you need (or are genuinely motivated by) the income; accumulating if not.
The prospectus sets it: quarterly and semi-annual are standard; some income funds pay monthly. The issuer publishes the exact dates yearly.
Spanish savings withholding on receipt (with a domestic broker) or self-declared (with a foreign one). The fund's domicile adds its own internal layer — another reason Irish UCITS are the standard.
Yes, with your broker's DRIP: each payment buys more shares. The result mimics accumulation, but without its tax advantage — you are taxed on every payment even if reinvested instantly.